Restoring Reverie

: The Art of Restoring & Sailing a Classic Wooden Sailboat


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Getting A Handle On Things

This spring, icy rain and violent winds kept me inside for many a day, here along the shore of Lake Michigan; rain, cold, sporadic clearing, repeat.    What’s important is the sporadic clearing.  There were some decent days, here and there. In those fleeting times, I jumped at the opportunity to get out for a good day of work on Reverie.  After a winter of ferocious gales it became a “beggars can’t be choosers” situation. I found myself going out in weather that was less than ideal but, conversely, less than tempestuous.

It’s like being out on an extended cruise; you realize you’ll never get anywhere if you wait for ideal conditions and, sooner or later, find yourself sailing in weather you never would have imagined. This cool, wet weather was great for tulips, though, and we’ve been enjoying a wonderful display of colors provided by the city of Holland making the Tulip Time Festival a spectacular one.

The time I managed to get some boat work in was quality time.  I was a relentless force of deconstruction.  The multi tool and sawzall got put through their paces and the deck is now completely removed with half the cabin top removed, as well. The hands on work aboard Reverie has taken a leap forward but new challenges revealed themselves during the dismantling. That, dear reader, is for the next blog entry.  This entry is about getting a handle on things and that we did.

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One of this past winter/spring projects was to get all the tools tuned up and ready for use. Over the years, more than  a few tools have arrived at “Roger’s Home For Wayward Tools” that were missing their handles or lacking in some other respect. They needed a little help to get them in working order.

There was that 1-1/2 lb. ball-peen hammer we would need for riveting the frames.  There was that handsome Dayton pattern ax that had had its head secured with several large, hex head machine screws hammered over like clench nails; its handle also needed stripping and sanding (with the added benefit of erasing the name of the former owner proudly scrawled in bold, black marker).  There was also a hewing ax that was missing its handle but would soon be put to service.  It was time to get a handle on things.

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Picking out the right wedge for the Council Tools Dayton pattern ax that needed its handle reset.

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A fine old hewing ax head getting a soak in vinegar and salt to remove the century of rust that hid its true personality.

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A finishing soak in baking soda and water to neutralize the acid and salt bath.  The blade still had a very sharp edge for being knocked about so many years.  Hand hammered forge marks and the folded cutting edge are apparent. “And what, pray tell, do you need a hewing ax for?”, you ask.  More on why we need a hewing ax in the next post.  Stay tuned.

 

 

Almost all of my chisels were in need of having their handles reset and some quality time on the Japanese waterstones.  Many of the blades needed to be hollow ground and lapped.  Hollow grinding is where you take the beveled side of the blade and run it over a grindstone to remove the middle of the bevel. This means less of the blade touches the honing surface.  Lapping is the process of making the flat side of the chisel completely flat.  This may not seem important but, avoid this process at your own peril; it’s an absolute necessity.

Most notable among the arsenal of chisels was the 2 inch wide timber slick.  A slick is a large chisel used where a substantial amount of wood needs to be worked such as in timber framing or working on the backbone of a wooden boat. For years, I used it occasionally but now am finding it necessary to use for some serious work ahead.  It had a broken old handle that I had reshaped and used awkwardly so I never really got to use it to its true potential.  Getting a handle on this beast is going to make less work in the long run and justify all the work I put into shaping a new handle.

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Here’s the white oak blank for the chisel handle with the tang fitting cut out using a fine-tooth Disston backsaw. The backsaw was sold by the T.B. Rayl Co. which sold tools in downtown Detroit.

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The handle taking shape thanks to the razor sharp draw knife made by the Ohio Tool Co.  It’s one of my favorite tools.  I’ve left the splatter of red paint on the handle to remind me of the trip to the emergency room that would be required if it were grabbed by the blade.  .

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The handle getting its first fitting on the slick.  Pencil lines on the handle are preserved to keep things uniform right until it’s finished. Being able to use this tool two-handed is imperative.  The worldly slick, with its handle, is 23-1/2 inches long.

It feels good to get some of these old tools back in working order and on to a life of continued use.  Quite often, preparation is the most time consuming aspect of any job.  Having all your ducks in a row may seem tedious and even unnecessary when they seem to hardly relate to the task at hand but prepare, we must.

Having usable axes and hammers with sturdy handles along with sharp chisels that cut fine, paper thin slices of wood is truly worth the effort because they save time and are safer to use than tools that are just “good enough”.  Sometimes, only the best will do.  I’m happy to have this out of the way and on to more boat work.  There’s no need to shake one’s fist at the weather when it’s not agreeable.  There’s always something to do.


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‘Tis The Season For Boat Work

Winter is here!  That means different things to different people.  For us, here at Camp Reverie,  it’s a busy time accentuated by the lengthening of each day. Today, we have sunset 9 minutes later than on the Dec. 21 solstice.   That means we’re packing up just a little bit later every day and getting more done with each passing week.

Winter has always been the time for boat work.  It was a time to take care of some of the large projects while the boat is out of the water and sailing is not a distraction. Endless projects  pile up during the warmer months that need to be addressed in the off-season. Projects, projects, projects; we sailors love our projects.

One of the reasons I look forward to winter is the fact that I can get outside and perform some of the heavy labor without heat and humidity getting in the way.  In the winter, you can always take off a layer if you’re too hot.  I haven’t been cold once this season. Keep it moving.

Thankfully,  we were able to take care of everything that needed to get done before the snow flew and have a formidable list to knock out before spring. Getting under the weather wire on the topsides project felt like a real victory as it left a clearer path to getting some other projects finished by spring.  There’s no hibernation going on here at Camp Reverie.  Well, maybe a little.

We can now get back to the removal of the deck and deck framing along with new sheer clamps and shelf, for good measure. Instead of hiding out from 90° F and 90% humidity, it’s lake effect rain showers,  lake effect snow showers and blistering cold winter gales.  I have had to shovel out a work area multiple times already and expect it to happen repeatedly over the winter.   Holland is in the Lake Michigan snow belt so we are no strangers to a stray flake or two.

One of this winter’s first projects was to measure out the  deck framing and sheer clamps to get a materials requirement for the new deck framing, sheer clamps and shelf.  I did that on a day when the wind was gusting up to 60 mph which shook and rattled poor Reverie.  It felt a bit surreal as I measured in the darkness with the aid of a shop light illuminating a small ring wherever I moved it.  With her interior removed, Reverie picks up vibrations from without and sounds sympathetic tones much like a stringed instrument.  On a good day, it’s pleasant and interesting.  In a gale, it’s a bit unsettling.

When the weather allows, I’ve been outside running rough lumber through the planer.  Last year, I picked up a nice 2″x 8″ x 12′ piece of white oak from Armstrong Millworks in Highland, Michigan. In late November, I paid a visit to L.L Johnson Lumber, in Charlotte, Michigan, where I picked out some nice 5/4″ x 12″ x 14′ southern yellow pine and some nice yellow birch for a furniture project.  The yellow pine will be used to replace the bad planks and , possibly, for the sheer clamps. Add to the mix about 100 board feet of rough red oak that was just sitting around and you have some work on your hands.

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There was 100 board feet of red oak and 50 board feet of  yellow birch on top of the boat wood.  No sense just moving it.  Let’s make it useful.

 

 

As soon as all the wood is processed, we can resume deck removal.  When I was on board measuring deck beams, I had a chance to look over the construction of the deck  framing and do not think the original builder of the hull and the builder of the deck/ interior are the same.  The hull is sturdy and overbuilt.  I am impressed by how well it has held together. The heavy frames with intermittent steam-bent frames is reminiscent of old work boat construction.

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Sturdy hull with lightly built deck framing and sheer clamp.  Part of the mystery.

Conversely, the interior and deck-beam construction leave something to be desired, in the way of craftsmanship.  The deck framing and interior won’t be copied from what was found.  Both the deck and the interior will be rebuilt as sturdily as the hull.  Instead of ash for the deck beams, there will be white oak.  The sheer clamp will either be of white oak or yellow pine with a shelf added to the sheer. More on that once the deck framing commences.

Winter shall proceed as such:  it’s outside whenever possible and lots to do inside when being inside’s a good thing.  Our front bathroom has become the varnish booth.  The fan works great for exhaust and we haven’t had any issues with fumes while I varnish up Reverie’s wooden blocks.

Stripping down the blocks and soaking them in hot oil was one of the first projects we did when we got the boat. The oil had over a year to dry so I gave them a sanding and have been dipping them in a can of spar varnish diluted with about 30% turpentine.  As I write, they have 5 coats on them.  They will get their sixth and final coat tomorrow and reassembled shortly after that.  All said and done, there will be close to 40 hours devoted to the block restoration project alone.

“O God! methinks it were a happy life,
To be no better than a homely swain;
To sit upon a hill, as I do now,
To carve out dials quaintly, point by point,
Thereby to see the minutes how they run,
How many make the hour full complete;
How many hours bring about the day;
How many days will finish up the year;
How many years a mortal man may live.”
~William Shakespeare – King Henry Vl

Along with the varnishing, there is always a bit more organizing and sorting of everything from boat hardware, to tools, to wood, to lp records, to books and to all the other things that get piled around and in the way.  We are removing the clutter and making a streamlined restoration machine.  I will leave you with a shot of some fine, vintage power tools that got new cords and cleaning as part of the indoor winter work.

Happy 2017 from Julia and Roger!  Thanks for following our project.

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Tools that are as old as Reverie!  Quality never goes out of style.

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Into The Light

The new year is upon us and it’s finally starting to look like January here along the Lake Michigan shoreline.  We had an unseasonably warm December due to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle.

   http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/ninonina.html

As avid cross country skiers, we were somewhat disappointed by the lack of snow.  As boat restorers, we took advantage of the mild weather to further the cause and get as much done on Reverie as possible before Winter set in.  Fortunately, we tempered these hours of work with some Grade-A, late season sailing aboard Prudence.  

Winter weather has now arrived and we got down near the single digits Fahrenheit last night.  Lake Effect snow has been quietly dusting us and the ground is now covered in white. Last week, we put a tarp over Prudence and brought her outboard in from the cold; time to replace that old water pump impeller I’ve been putting off all season.

Whenever there’s good news and bad news to be communicated, I prefer to have the bad news delivered first.  Candy coating something before the medicine does not help the medicine go down “in the most delightful way”.    Prepare yourself.  Gird your loins.  Here it comes.

If you have been following this blog, you have ascertained we are removing the entire deck of Reverie to get at the rotted deck beams and carlines.  I have no doubt in my mind that this decision was indeed, the best tack. It will also facilitate the replacement of broken frames.  The port-side tongue and groove decking has been carefully removed, labelled and toted off to storage. It proved to be a bit of a task seeing that many of the strips are in excess of twenty feet.  The port-side deck beams are now visible, as are the  areas aft near the cockpit and transom that get little ventilation.

The entire port-side sheer clamp is now visible and there is evident damage amidship.  The sheer clamp is a structural  member that runs stem to stern and serves to support the deck beams and provide resistance to the torsional twisting of the hull.  It is bolted along the inside of the hull at the frames and the deck beams are half-dovetailed into it.  It appears to be made of cypress wood; a good choice considering the need for a light, strong,  rot resistant wood.   I thought of white oak as an alternative for replacement yet was convinced otherwise after researching the weight difference between the two.  Had we gone with oak, there would be another 300 lbs. added to the sheer.

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The port-side sheer clamp showing evident signs of rot amidship.

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A closeup of the rot on the port-side sheer clamp.

Once the port-side deck was removed, it became time to prep the starboard-side deck for removal.  Julia began the monotonous chore of removing all the bungs from the toe rail in order to get at the 4 inch bronze screws holding it down every 6 inches.  While she did that, I worked on the deck hardware.  I removed the starboard winch, cleats, anchor chocks, spinnaker pole chocks and, with Julia’s help, the stanchion bases.

The stanchion bases are particularly hard to get at as they are fastened between the sheer clamp and the sheer plank.  Inside the cabin, it was a tight squeeze but in the cockpit, it seemed nigh impossible.  I had to lie on my back and reach through one of the cuddy holes in the cockpit with my arm fully extended all the while attempting to reach the nut I couldn’t see with a deep socket  and extension.  This maneuver was what I imagine it would be like wearing a blindfold while trying to steal a bag of chips from the top row of a vending machine by reaching up through the discharge bin.  While I attempted this feat of derring-do, Julia waited  patiently on the ladder ready to unscrew the fastener once I found the nut.

Lying on my back, in this twisted state, up became down and down became up.  I fished around here and there but could not find the nut to the stanchion base.  I rolled the socket wrench into the small of my hand hoping for some tactile reassurance that this wasn’t all a bad, painful dream and that I would eventually find the nut and bolt that were obviously eluding me.  I extended my forefinger here and there and suddenly, it felt as if I had stuck it clean through some wood!  “…all part of this bad dream”, I thought.  “Just relax.  Embrace the pain.  Find the bolt.”

My eyes were closed.  They were useless in this endeavor. All sensory input was being conveyed through an arm bent into positions it was never meant to be in yet, there it was: the sensation that I had my finger stuck clean through a piece of wood. I wriggled my forefinger around.   It was as if it was stuck through a hole in a sock; a 5/4 inch thick rotted sock.  I felt air on the other side.  Was my finger sticking through the sheer plank and the world outside?  “No”, Julia assured me.  “I can’t see your finger.”  Then, the truth set in.  I had stuck my finger through the rotten starboard-side sheer clamp!

I writhed about like a crocodile being swallowed by a python,  still unable to find the damn bolts. I began to see a shining light through my closed eyes.  I heard a voice beckoning me.  “Come to the light!”   I reached out, with my contorted arm, and touched the stanchion bolt I so desperately sought.  I focused, careful not to let this moment slip away.  I got the socket on the nut.  Julia unscrewed it from above.

Bolt number two was right next to a frame but now that my arm was a bent pipe cleaner, I got the socket onto it, as well.  The two other bolts to the stanchion base were screwed through the deck and into the sheer clamp.  The cause of the rot, perhaps?  They pulled out without even needing to be unscrewed.  The stanchion base was finally liberated from the covering board.  It then took several minutes to extract my now serpentine arm from the labyrinth while I relived the pain of a long-ago separated shoulder.  Why did I ever think rollerblading was a good idea?

The outcome of these travails are the issues with the starboard-side sheer clamp that will be come into focus as work progresses.  It was  reminder that there is more than meets the eye in our little project.  We’re certainly not out of the woods with these hidden issues.  “… two steps back.”  I’m glad we found this out before Winter set in.   It gives us time to plot out the next course of action. These sheer clamps must be addressed before the deck beam work can start.   I guess that big slab of white oak we have will have to wait a bit before it’s sawn into deck beams.  Time to start shopping for some nice cypress.

Now that we’ve had our medicine, I must say that it has been a delightful season.  El Niño might be wreaking havoc all over the world but he allowed us to get out on our Com-Pac 16, Prudence for some extra-fine Fall/Winter sailing.  One of the real highlights of the season was sailing on Christmas Day.  There had been a raging gale several days before Christmas with 22 foot waves on Lake Michigan.  That’s 22 foot December, Great Lakes waves which are steeper and heavier than ocean waves. While not 22 feet, there were still some big rollers that picked up in the 20 knot afternoon breeze. The waves were very uniform with an occasional series standing above the others.  It was consistent and certainly memorable.

The icy, steel blue water was beautiful and deadly as we beat  5 miles WNW onto the lake.  We were driving so hard, we kept the Port Sheldon pier off our stern with almost no leeway to the South.  Prudence yields a bit to the currents so this was a pleasant surprise.  We would be able to triangulate back to the pier.  Three legs and we’d be home.   We ended up gybing off on the second leg then rounding back NE as Prudence didn’t want to tack into the rollers that were beginning to stand up 5 miles offshore.  On leg three, we ran S along the Lake Michigan shoreline back to Port Sheldon. That leg ended way too soon.

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October on Lake Michigan

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November sailing- Holland, Michigan

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November sailing. Coming into Lake Macatwa from Lake Michigan.

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Christmas Day 2015. 5 miles out, 5 miles back with Julia’s daughter, Chloe. Fine sailing. -Port Sheldon, Michigan

Christmas Day - Lake Michigan

Christmas Day – Lake Michigan

It has, indeed, been a delightful year filled with hard work and dedication that shows in all we have accomplished  It has been a year of change and sacrifice balanced with the enjoyment of life’s small pleasures.  It helps to have someone like Julia who can see the forest through the trees.  She has been working tirelessly alongside me.  Even during the 60 hours it took me to strip the paint from the port topsides,  she was there at the end of the day with a couple of cold beers that we would drink at the Sunset Lounge, our two lawn chairs in the shade of Reverie.  Here’s to everyone having an eventful and  productive 2016.  Cheers!


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Tung Oil and Turpentine

We are well into November and the weather has been good to Reverie’s restoration project.  The leaves were late to turn this year due to a warm Fall but they have now fallen  rapidly and carpet the earth in all shades of red, yellow and brown.  Still, the mild weather persists.   The birds aren’t quite so convinced of an eternal Autumn.  They know what’s about to happen and are acting accordingly.  We saw our first dark eyed junco the other day while working on Reverie; a sure sign of the change in seasons.  The shoreline of the Great Lakes is, well, a great place to watch migrating birds.  We were even  lucky enough to see 4 endangered whooping cranes the other day on a back road drive from Holland to Grand Rapids. Their size is impressive.

On a somber note, today is the 40th anniversary of the sinking of the Great Lakes freighter, Edmund Fitzgerald. It vanished without a trace in a massive storm on Lake Superior and has since been found lying at the bottom of the lake broken in half by the mighty waves.  http://www.shipwreckmuseum.com/the-fateful-journey-62/

102 years ago, the Great Lakes Storm of 1913 sank 19 ships with over 250 lives  lost on the open waters of these inland seas.  http://www.nws.noaa.gov/com/weatherreadynation/news/131107_white.html#.VkH8LdKrTwc

Today, is nothing like those days.  It is calm and mild and I’m going off to work on Reverie for a while thankful for this weather as I solemnly recall those who lost their lives on the Great Lakes.

Yesterday, we passed a waypoint in the restoration project.  After 60 hours of scraping, sanding, and the cleaning of every single fastener hole on the port topside, I was able to apply a coat of tung oil and turpentine!  This was a process that took a lot longer than expected but we are pleased with the results.  The mixture, consisting of 50% tung oil and 50% turpentine, was heated to near boiling to facilitate its penetration into the thirsty yellow pine planking.  I could see it immediately expanding some of the surface cracks that had begun in the parts of the topside that had been without paint for an undetermined amount of time.  I worked this delightful smelling mixture into all the exposed fastener holes with a 3 inch chip brush.  You could see the hot oil and turpentine being sucked into the holes. It made all the time consuming work worth it.  There are certainly faster ways to strip the hull down and sand it but I would rather spend 2 or 3 or 4 times the amount of time to get it the way I wanted it and err on the side of safety.

The frames, which are basically the ribs of the skeleton, are laid out in a pattern of one very heavy white oak frame fastened with heavy galvanized nails and then two smaller frames fastened with copper rivets.   These smaller oak frames are steam bent and still fastened tight.   We will most likely add bronze screws to the heavy frames but that’s going to require some investigation of the existing nails.  For now, I’m guessing they have run their course in usefulness.  When white oak and steel get together, oak wins.  I removed the flat-head steel screws to the engine exhaust flange that was backed up with an oak block and there was barely any thread left.  The use of quality, hot dipped galvanized fasteners is a money saver and they served well for over 60 years but we’re going with silicon bronze.  The oil filling the fastener holes is a good thing.  It  expands the wood and seals it from the oxygen needed to create rot.

 The whole port topside consumed a little less than a half gallon of the tung oil/turpentine mixture.  The tung oil is 100% pure tung oil and costs about $70 dollars a gallon.  Tung oil cannot be allowed access to oxygen as this begins the curing process.  I poured off half the gallon of pure tung oil into a half gallon cider jug leaving no room for air and will save it for a later date.  That will keep for quite some time, as is.  I expected to use more of the 50/50 mixture but was happy to have used less, seeing we’re approaching $100 a gallon for this elixir, once the cost of the turpentine is factored in.  “Prepare for the worst, hope for the best.”  Last night, I had to scramble around for another half gallon container to put the rest of the 50/50 mixture in and came up with an empty half gallon bottle of Scotch in our recycling bin(now how did that happen?).   It was almost spot on one half gallon with a glass vitamin bottle to spare. Now I have to find some wood that needs treating today so as not to waste those precious fluids in the vitamin bottle.  That shouldn’t be difficult.   So, dear reader, I must be off and begin the next phase of the project which is to do the same thing to the forlorn  starboard side that now looks even more desperate compared to the freshly oiled port-side.  I will leave you with some pics of the progress.

Best Regards,

Roger

60 hours of scraping, sanding and oiling. Done!

60 hours of scraping, sanding and oiling. Done!

Reverie's lovely overhang. The one small plank is a former repair made of dissimilar wood and will most likely be replaced.

Reverie’s lovely overhang. The one small plank is a former repair made of dissimilar wood and will most likely be replaced.

Starboard topside looking forlorn and in need of help.

Starboard topside looking forlorn and in need of help.

Yikes!

Yikes!


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Time Is of the Essence

 

 

October is upon us and the race against the elements rages on.  My fit of optimism that predicted the scraping, sanding and oiling of the topsides was, of course just that: optimism.  In my dream world, it was going to take 20-25 hours per side to finish this project.  Now, my optimistic estimate is for each side to be completed in 50 hours per side.  Yes, it’s boat work and that’s how it goes.  The real time consumer has been cleaning out all the fastener holes.  They are filled with hardened putty and require a bit of concentrated heat to soften up then carefully dig out.   I want to get each one as clean as possible to facilitate the penetration of the 50/50 mixture of 100% pure tung oil and turpentine.  Any place there is exposed end grain needs to be soaked in this formula.  This mixture gets heated to near boiling and soaks into the wood quite well.

There are many hundreds of fastener holes and, depending on each ones depth, take a minute or so apiece to clean. The strength of a wooden boat lies in redundancy.  Many small fasteners and components are put together to effect the strength required to withstand the stresses incurred in a seaway.  The stress gets distributed across the greatest area possible and, voila,  you have a sturdy wooden boat.  You also have hundreds of fasteners that demand attention.  It only takes the failure of a few in a series to set off a chain reaction that could lead to catastrophe.

During this phase of paint scraping, I also had to determine the best way to preserve the waterline.  The waterline was already there so, to lose it then have to set up the procedure to draw a new waterline seemed to be the kind of redundancy we should like to avoid. Preserving the existing waterline is one of the reasons I chose to do the topsides first and address the hull below the waterline as a separate project; that, and the fact that the bottom paint has no bare spots and, therefore, is still protecting the wood.  It’s those bare spots on the topsides that initiated this phase of the restoration.

The waterline runs from the bow in a 3 inch strip and expands to 4 inches over the last few feet near the stern.  Easy enough.  I can mark where that begins and add that taper.  I was going to tape along the bottom of the waterline and work from that but the blue painters tape that was already there wasn’t holding up to the heat gun.  I chose to sharpen the scraper to a knife edge and work along the boot top (waterline)/bottom seam in an upward fashion so as to preserve the waterline.   You can see in the photo, where I have the waterline removed, that it worked well and there will be an accurate line to follow when it’s time to paint the new waterline.

As the sanding progresses, the hull is revealing itself in a very positive way.  It is nice to see the yellow pine exposed for the first time in over 60 years looking as if it had just been fastened.  It has withstood the test of time admirably and is a testament to it’s efficacy as a planking material.  I have a shop vac rigged up to the discharge of the sander and it is working quite well at keeping the dust down.  With this system, it is virtually dust free.  I’m still wearing a dust mask and ear protection but it is much more comfortable than the dreaded respirator.

We took a break from the topside project to begin construction of a better tarp frame.    With Winter coming on, the frame needed a steep pitch to deflect the incessant lake effect snows that dump on the shoreline of Lake Michigan. The frame will be reinforced with more rafters as the season progresses but, for now,  it’s enough to withstand the wind and rain. We had a makeshift setup last Winter and had quite a time getting the snow and ice dams off the deck.  This new structure will also serve as a beam to lift the cabin off the boat.  Julia is working on getting all the fasteners out of the cabin and cockpit (a whole lot of work in one small sentence).   Then, we will lift the cabin top off with a block & tackle and get it off the deck in order to have better access to the deck beam and carline repairs.  It will also make it easier to strip the inside of the coach roof and cabin sides as it can then be flipped upside down rather than us being showered by scraped varnish.

There is a bit of momentum and the only unknown factor is the weather.  If it all doesn’t get done before the snow flies, that’s the way it goes.  In the mean time, onward we plunge; led by an optimism that suggests a certain naivety while providing impetus to move along with this tedious, dirty job of stripping, sanding and oiling the topsides.

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The Elephant in the Room

As the last week of August fades to memory, it’s time to reflect on what’s been done and plan for the cooler months ahead.  For many people, summer ends at Labor Day; the tug of the academic calendar is just too much for folks raised to abide by the “back to school” mentality.  They may not be in school or have children in school but the hand is writing on the wall.  We are bombarded by yet another consumer milestone.  “Buy, buy, buy”, the ads say.  When I’m out shopping, I feel like maybe I should pick up a fresh pack of crayons or maybe some paste.

Here in West Michigan, we see the last of the tourists “recreating profusely”; they’re squeezing that last bit of juice from the lemon before it’s time to get the kids off to school.  Then, it’s a little easier to breathe around here.  We don’t have to fight the crowds to get around and no longer have to plan our sailing time during the week.  It was so hot and humid for the first part of August, there was not much going on in the way of boat work.  I’m not partial to heat indexes in the lower 100’s and the fact that I’m using a heat gun only reinforces my prejudices.

Late July and some of August saw us dutifully removing the rest of the covering board and begin the process of removing the deck from Reverie.

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That went as well as it could and we are now able to see the extent of the rot to the port-side deck beams.  There weren’t really many surprises as I was expecting to find more rot than was visible from the interior.  After all, that is one of the main reasons we are completely removing the deck.   We got 3 rows of the tongue and groove decking off yet, something wasn’t quite right.  There was an elephant in the room and it wasn’t going away.

The warm weather did slow us down but it was the impending cold weather that made the elephant more apparent.  While focusing on the deck and executing the plan to remove it, time was ticking away.  After seeing what would need to be done with the deck beams, the seemingly innocuous topsides began to call out for help.  The paint was crazed and peeling.  There were bare spots from an attempt, made by the previous owner, to sand them.  I’m not sure how long ago the attempted sanding took place but the sections of exposed bare wood was showing signs of weathering that could lead to wholesale splitting of the lovely,  longleaf yellow pine that planks our fair vessel.  It was time to feed the elephant.

Completely stripping the multiple layers of topside paint was the only course of action seeing how the paint had split and cracked where it hadn’t already been sanded.  Reverie has been out of the water for years and the planking is a lot drier than a wooden boat’s should be.  Dry planks can stress the fasteners and shrink the dimensions enough to cause problems when it comes time to recaulk the seams.  If the seams are caulked when it’s dry, the expansion can cause undue stress and actually cause the fasteners to pull out.  Not good.

It’s going to take about 30 hours per side to strip the paint and a good 20 to do the sanding and oiling.  After the oil dries, the initial coat of primer goes on and Reverie will be much happier.  So, Julia gets about 100 hours of work time off while I    take one for the team since there’s no reason we should both be exposed to this mess.  She hasn’t stopped work altogether; she’s working on removing the multitude of bungs (wooden plugs that cover screw holes) from the cockpit coaming when I’m not making too much of a mess.

Wearing a respirator for 80 hours is not something I’m enjoying but it has to be done. I have the heat gun set just hot enough to lift the paint but not hot enough to burn it.  I’ve done some research on the release of lead and other toxic substances and am working at a lower temperature to avoid as much exposure to lead as I can.  I watched a video on youtube of this guy using a heat shrink gun and literally burning the paint off the topsides.  He said he can get a whole boat stripped in one day.  He wasn’t wearing a respirator.  I think I’ll err on the side of caution.

See you when it’s done.

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Off With the Deck?!

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Reverie’s beautiful lines are evident even with her hull looking this way.

 

Boat repair and restoration requires both optimism (This can be done.) and realism (This is a mess.).  Lately, it’s been a healthy dose of realism.  A lot of the early work on Reverie has been assessing the situation of the leaking deck by finding the damage and what caused it. Rainwater from deck leaks is the culprit, of course, and the damage is insidious at best.  This water coming down from the sky contains a rich collection of fungi and molds ready to set up shop on any food source.  A wooden boat left out in the elements, uncovered for several years, with a leaking deck is a great place for these tiny creatures to do their business.

We got a tarp over Reverie last December, the first day we saw her.  I knew that was the only way to slow down the rot that was beginning to consume her.  Rot needs moisture and the first step was to get that out of the equation.  The next step was to find the entry points where the green water was coming through and stop it.  That was pretty easy as there’s rot in all of the places where the rain water was leaking below.  As I was poking around in the tight confines of the forepeak, (Reverie was designed for sailing and not so much for below decks comfort), I found mushrooms had been growing in the corner joint of the fore hatch carline. They were dried and no longer actively growing but they were there.  I’m sure spores are everywhere!

The next work session involves the complete removal of the fore hatch and immediate treatment with sodium tetraborate (good ol’ borax).  We’re using borax to initially treat any spots that have begun to rot.  It has excellent anti-fungal properties and is safe to use.  It’s major downfall in marine use is that it’s water soluble and will leach out of wood that comes in contact with water.  The immediate goal is to kill what rot is  in the wood already and worry about long term treatment as the restoration progresses.

The real damage from all of this leaking water has been to the deck beams and it is obvious many of them need to be replaced.  Getting at the deck beams is the reason for removing the covering board (the strip of teak that provides an edge for the decking and runs the full length of the hull).  To get to the deck beam end requires removal of the jib tracks to get to the toe rail to get to the covering board. This all reminds me of the children’s song, I Know An Old Lady Who Swallowed A Fly. I just hope it doesn’t get to the point where I swallow the horse!

 

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A big section of toe rail comes off!

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Stanchion bases half screwed into the sheer clamp, half through covering board. I would like to see them 100% through bolted.

 

So, our work is exemplified in a children’s song.  So be it.  The initial tack was to get the covering board off which would provide access to the outer ends of the deck beams.  While the toe rail was fastened to the covering board with 4 inch long bronze screws, the covering board is fastened to the sheer clamp and beam ends with steel screws.  These screws are proving to be formidable opponents to extraction and it looks like they have a date with a date with a sawzall and metal cutting blade.  We’ll remove all screws that will come out willingly but the others will have to be cut.

One of the three king beams needs to be replaced.  The king beams provide support for the the mast amidship and can only be extracted by removing the top hull plank known as the sheer plank or sheer strake; unless the entire deck is removed.  Examining the sheer planks, as we worked on the toe rail removal, I began to seriously wish the sheer planks could stay right where they are.  Both port and starboard sides are in fine condition and removing them would mean ‘fixing something that ain’t broke’.  I began to seriously consider removing the deck altogether.

Removing the entire deck might seem extreme but the main issue Reverie faces is this leaking deck. The deck is Douglas Fir and appears in fine condition.  It is attached to the deck beams by a method called “secret nailing”.  Secret nailing is done much the way that wooden floors in houses are laid.  The tongue and groove strips are nailed diagonally through the tongue so the groove covers the nail.  Secret nails go into the beams and then additional nails are driven horizontally through each strip tying the strips together even more. A real advantage of this method is that it leaves a nice, clean deck free of bung holes that are all invitations for water entry.  The major disadvantage is that it is a real pain to repair.  I don’t relish the thought of ripping up this beautiful deck and having to shell out for more lumber.  One of the reasons we took on this project was the condition to the wood.  The only real wood I thought needed replacing was American White Oak, readily available and relatively cheap here in Michigan.  Nice, long, clear lengths of Douglas Fir isn’t going to be cheap.

Remove the sheer planks or remove the deck?   And the winner is: Remove the deck.  Loathing the thought of removing perfectly good planks that are screwed and riveted was what got me considering the deck option and, from there, it began to make more sense.  The damage to the deck beams that can be seen is most likely the tip of the iceberg.  I’m sure there’s plenty more rot in the beams that has yet to rear it’s head.  The mushrooms growing out to joint in the forehatch carline is a real red flag. With the entire deck removed, all of the tops of the beam can be assessed and a fresh coat of red lead primer can be applied.  I’m hoping we can disassemble the secret nailing and reuse the old deck but not banking on it.  Que sera, sera.   Off with the deck!

Cheers,

Roger


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Toe Rail & Covering Board

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“It was one of those March days when the sun shines hot and the wind blows cold: when it is summer in the light, and winter in the shade.” ~ Charles Dickens, Great Expectations

 

Here we are, watching March, 2015 fade to memory. This year, March came in like a lion and has remained roaring ever since. The Great Lakes region has been sunny and dry, for the most part, but it has been “…summer in the light and winter in the shade.”, as Charles Dickens put it.  I started work yesterday morning in 24° Fahrenheit with a strong North wind gusting 25-30 mph.  The temps stayed steady throughout the day but it was “summer in the light” and there’s work to be done

The Great Lakes began to shed their ice in early March.  The Coast Guard, police and fire rescue crews have had their hands full with idiots on ice ever since. Every year, overzealous ice fishers, snowmobilers unaccustomed to the laws of physics and errant sightseers end up falling through the ice or somehow trapped on a floe drifting off into the open water of the Great Lakes. As more and more people are taking to the water in small craft, there has been a surge in kayak, canoe and paddleboard related incidents as well. This is nothing new, as we can see from previous generations: these people breed.

The work at hand is to get the port-side deck beams in order.  The leaking deck caused them to rot and I’m sure there’s more to discover once things are taken apart.  So, the bronze jib track, the toe rail and the covering board need to come off to get a look the deck beam ends below.  The deck beams are not as accessible as the carlines, which make up the framing for the hatches and cabin.  The deck beams run perpendicular to the keel line of the boat and their outboard ends are worked into the sheer clamp.

The sheer of a boat is the edge where the topsides meet the deck. It is an important aesthetic point in boat design.  The sheer clamp is the board that runs inside, along the topside and provides a band of support for the deck beams.  On larger boats, there is often a board that sits on top of the clamp called a shelf. Reverie only has a clamp that the deck beams are tied into.  The situation gets complicated by the fact that the deck beams are tied into the clamp outboard and not accessible from inside. .

One of the nice things about a wooden boat built in a traditional manner is that, “what’s done, can be undone”. The fact that the boat is held together with fasteners is a plus when doing major work such as replacing the deck beams.   Even though it can be undone, I’m cursing the fact that the deck was allowed to leak and this all occurred. I suppose that is how every old boat, house or any other creation of humanity meets it’s end: human neglect. “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”.  Yes, it’s times like these when many an old proverb comes to mind.  DSCN0683

The task of removing a multitude of screws is best done with a hand brace fitted with the appropriate screwdriver bit.  I also came armed with a hand impact driver to loosen up any recalcitrant fastenings.  The hand brace exerts an amazing amount of torque and allows you to put downward pressure on the screw.  This is especially important when removing screws that have been in place for over 60 years and are unwilling to yield.

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The bronzed track is held down with stainless steel screws and came off without incident.  I did find splitting in the toe rail at the scarf which was caused by the linear nature of the track and the natural grain of wood.  “Easy, Igor. You impetuous young boy!”

The toe rail is fastened to the covering board with 4" silicon bronze screws.  The phillips heads want to strip out if you even look at them the wrong way.

The toe rail is fastened to the covering board with 4″ silicon bronze screws under wooden bungs. The phillips heads want to strip out if you even look at them the wrong way.

The covering board appears to be fastened with steel flat head screws which have very shallow slots that will require careful cleaning and concentration to remove.  I left that task until I set up a better scaffolding as it will require a lot of downward pressure on the brace and bit.  I’m going to have to make a concerted effort to extract these puppies.

I made it four hours before calling it a day. The wind really took it out of me.  The day was a success in that, I was able to ascertain how easy or difficult this stage would be.  I’m expecting the rest of the port-side toe rail and covering board removal is going to take another 8 to 10 hours.  And that’s if everything goes well!

11:00 a.m.

11:00 a.m.

3:00 p.m.

3:00 p.m.

Think Spring, my friends!

~Roger


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Mood Lighting and Hoarfrost

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Writing about boats seems a bit surreal on a morning such as this.   It’s six a.m. and the temperature outside reads -9° Fahrenheit.   A hot mug of coffee sits beside me as I look at the dog curled in a tight ball refusing to go outside until he absolutely has to.  Our African Grey parrot, who usually comes out and says good morning and loves to have her head scratched, huddles next to her heated perch silent as the morning at hand.  Julia gets up in a half hour.  All is quiet.

I know that February is the shortest month of the year but this year, it seems to be the longest.  Here in the Great Lakes region, we have had an exceptionally cold month with temperatures well below average.  It has been a rare moment when the thermometer has read above 20° during the day with nighttime temps below O°.  Today is the 27th and the month is, in fact, almost over.

March will certainly give us a break from the deep freeze that holds us so tightly in its grip.  In Michigan, March is that month of transition when Spring’s arrival beckons us with signs of warmer days ahead. Old Man Winter begrudgingly yields his reign over the land. We begin to notice the lengthening of the days while plodding through half frozen mud and melting snow banks.  We spot a bluebird perched on a fence post along a lonely country road; its ditch overflowing with melt water.  Sap drips from the trees as they awaken from their deep sleep.  Soon, there will be the chorus of spring peepers and blackbird songs to let us know the time has come.

The Great Lakes have frozen almost completely over, much as they did last year. This will mean a slower melt and the probability of cooler Summer water temperatures for the big lakes.  While this is not appealing to beach goers, it means less evaporation and higher water levels for the Great Lakes; great news for those of us who have been watching the steady decline in lake levels over the past decade or so.   When you are sailing a boat that draws over 4 feet of water, any increase is welcome.

The off-site  boat work has been going well but last weekend, I had to get to the boat to take a few measurements and do some more prep work for the next phase that involves removing and replacing the deck beams.  “Remove and replace the deck beams”  It sounds pretty straightforward.  Easier said than done.  One short sentence sums up a whole lot of work.  So, it was off to the boat on a blustery 15° day to see what needs to be done.

Reverie sat there under a massive mound of snow that strained her tarp taut against her deck.  Fortunately, she sits alongside an industrial building protected from the significant Westerly winds blowing off Lake Michigan.  I had to shovel my way to get alongside and clambered aboard.  I tried to coax the snow from the tarp then had to lift 10 pound chunks of ice that had settled on the deck just to make room to squeeze into the cockpit.  Julia handed me tools and other work related items.  I quickly had the cockpit filled with milk crates and 5 gallon buckets full of work stuff.  I then had to navigate my way around everything to get into cabin.   Julia had some business to attend to nearby so I went to work for a few hours alone.

The building next door where I plug in had just been rented to a new tenant and I didn’t have access to electricity (lights, heater…) so I brought along a supply of candles and a Dietz lantern for light and a wee bit of welcome heat.   I climbed into the the cabin and it was pitch black due to the amount of snow on the tarp. I got a few candles lit and looked about me to discover the interior of the boat looked more like an ice cave than a cozy work space.  There was hoarfrost covering the entire interior.  It was so dark, the candles did little to illuminate the cabin enough to work so I had to leave the companionway open for whatever light came from outside. This deprived me of any heat they might have given off.

Light at the end of the tunnel

Light at the end of the tunnel

With a little LED lamp in one hand and candles all around, I set to work.  This stage of the project involves a lot of assessment and planning so, I had no illusions about getting a lot of physical work done.  What I wanted to do on this cold day was to get the port-side bunk removed so as to be able to inspect the hull and deck beam ends.

The deck beams are notched into a hefty sheer clamp which is a board running the entire length of the boat that provides stiffness to the hull and support for the deck.  I wanted to see how the deck beams were fastened so as to plan for their extraction later.  I removed the most rotted beam and found that it was nailed to the sheer clamp from above and fastened to the frame.

Frames are the ‘ribs’ you see inside of a wooden boat that resemble the ribs of a fish.  The deck beams we have to replace first are the ones that were tied into the carline or header I made last week.  They are called half beams.  Those ends that are inboard were easy to inspect with the carline removed.   The mystery of what was outboard hidden by the sheer clamp was what I came to ascertain and therein lay most of the work.

One of the great things about a wooden boat is that everything is held together with fasteners; screws, nails and trenails (essentially wooden dowels or pins).  If it can be put together, it can be taken apart.  To get at the outboard beam ends is going to require the removal of the toe rail, covering board and sheer plank. The toe rail is on the deck and does the job of keeping one’s toes from slipping overboard.  The covering board is the piece that provides a big, solid edge trim for the entire deck.  The sheer strake is the final plank of the topside of the hull.  All of these pieces are held together with screws that are hidden under bungs, which are wooden plugs glued and sealed to make the piece uniform and water tight.

Gaining access to the beams is more work than replacing the beams themselves.  If there were just a few small half beams to replace, the sheer strake might not have to be removed but one of the king beams or ‘heavy beams’ (major structural components) has to be replaced and I see no way to do it without removing the sheer strake.  In the long run, the whole job will be easier with the sheer strake removed.  This will give us a good look at the frame ends and allow the rest of the ‘good’ beam ends to be sealed and treated.

I  got the port-side bunk removed and had a look at the interior of the hull.  The whole interior of the hull is painted and the paint is peeling badly.  That’s going to require the removal of all of the interior joiner work, a lot of scraping and stripping with a heat gun once we have electricity.  That’s not such a bad thing as it will allow the inspection of every inch of the hull.  I found another cracked frame hidden below the bunk in a place I couldn’t see when I made my initial survey of the boat in December.  I expect to find more of this as there are a lot of areas I was unable to see without removing everything.

The bunk came out in an hour or so and I sat there with a jar full of screws to be labelled ‘port bunk’.  In the darkness, still clutching the LED lamp in my left hand, I scraped what paint I could. Some of it came off in rather sizable chunks.  I refrained from really going at it and creating dust since I wasn’t wearing a dust mask and not fond of inhaling lead. After that, I then cleaned up and sorted tools and supplies in as orderly a fashion as possible.

In just three hours, several hundred more hours of labor reared it’s head like a serpent from the deep.  My initial estimate was optimistic but I’m a realist and won’t overlook anything that would compromise the integrity of the boat as a whole. “Did I do this?” or, “Did I do that?”, are not questions you want to ask yourself on the open water in heavy weather.

Port-side bunk removed and some scraping done.

Port-side bunk removed.

Even in 15° with my feet and hands numb from the cold,  I had to pull myself away and close up Reverie until another work day.  Maybe the next time we return,  we’ll even hear a blackbird or two.

Stay warm, my friends.

Roger

 


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Falling Snow and Polished Brass

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The Winter of 2014/15 has been a strange one for us here in Southeast Lower Michigan.  The month of November delivered bitter cold and record lake effect snow events along the windward shores of the Great Lakes.  Lake Effect snow occurs when extremely cold air moves across the unfrozen Great Lakes. The moisture from the relatively warm lake is drawn into the frigid air creating snow that falls in bands when it hits the next land mass.  The prevailing winds for this to occur are generally from the N, NNW and W.

December and January vacillated between exceptionally warmer temps and exceptionally frigid spells of Alberta Clippers and Polar Vortexes. There was little snow which made for lousy cross country skiing in our neck of the woods.  After last years record snowfall, this Winter has been anticlimactic.  The previous Winter was a once in a lifetime experience that allowed us to ski daily in near perfect conditions right in our own backyard.

Then, February arrived and let us know it was not messing around.  12 to 17 inches of snow fell across the entire lower portion of Michigan with most of the Midwest seeing significant amounts in that 24 hr period. It started in the wee hours of February 1 and ended the morning of the 2nd. The pendulum swung and we were in the grips of powerful Arctic air.  Single digit Fahrenheit temperatures are not conducive to boat work but this is a huge project and progress must be made.

 

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Post February 1-2nd snowstorm. It took us several hours to clear our driveway and pathways.

 

It was during one of those warmer spells (slightly above freezing) in early December when we went to take a look at this wooden sailboat, Reverie, stoically losing it’s battle with time.  We are taking a Panglossian view of this Winter as it seems better for laying the foundations for the restoration of Reverie than it is for cross country skiing. Our ‘best of all possible worlds’ has provided corridors of time and windows of opportunity allowing us to get things done.  To date, we have over 90 hours of labor invested in Reverie.  That doesn’t count travel time to and from the boat. We’ve made the best use of this down time and have accomplished what we could.  The boat is in Holland, Michigan, a 2-1/2 hr drive from our home in Southeastern Michigan so any off site work that can be done is crucial to a timely restoration.

POLISHING BRASS

On one of our visits to the boat, we removed the brass lamps, the ship’s bell and the original Airguide barometer and clock. Everything was badly in need of some elbow grease.  I ripped up an old bed sheet into 1 foot squares and got cracking.

Perko Lamp

Perko Lamp: The Perko needs a new burner as the tabs have broken off, so I’m keeping my ear to the eBay door & scanning thrift shops for a replacements. It needs a P&A Hornet burner.

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Nice old lamp that reads, "English Made 3/4" wick" on the burner.

Nice old lamp that reads, “English Made 3/4″ wick” on the burner.

Airguide Barometer

Airguide Barometer

Airguide Clock with German movement.

Airguide Clock before cleaning

The Airguide clock is pretty neat.  It cleaned up really well.  It has a German movement that operates on a C battery and  allows exact time adjustment.  I’ve got it set to within a few seconds error a day and am slowly tweaking it to exact time.

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Everything polished up quite nicely and after 50 plus hours of polishing, we have this. Julia picked up a bottle of Wright’s Brass Polish and I was excited to give it a try.  Over the years, I’ve tried many brands of polish and wasn’t terribly impressed by some of the brands that claim to be “the best”.  Wright’s works the best, hands down. It doesn’t require a lot of pressure to work.  With other polishes, I would have to stop after a few hours because my fingers were getting sore from applying pressure.  With Wright’s it is a good idea to let the polish sit on the metal for a short time before beginning to polish to allow the chemical reaction to start.  Speaking of chemical reactions, it was easy on my hands and washed off very easily with water.

 

I was very happy to get this tedious chore out of the way during the Winter.  It’s one of those things I “don’t have time for” during the warmer months when one’s time is better spent outdoors.   The only other time I might feel like doing this is while cruising . You’re on the boat anyway and there’s only so much napping and reading to do in the off-watch time. Hours and hours of polishing is not a bad way to go.

These lamps had a coating of grunge on them as well so they were especially nasty to clean.  I find that polishing brass is rather cathartic and the results are amazing.  Once polished, these old relics became wonderful works of art that would be hard to distinguish from new if it weren’t for the various dents that come with years of use.  The real trick with brass is to maintain it.  You have to keep up on it and not let any deep dark spots develop.     I don’t expect the next round of polishing to take nearly as long.

 “A rub in time saves nine”?

Cheers,

Roger